Measles is a highly contagious viral infection that can lead to severe health complications in adults, including pneumonia, encephalitis (brain inflammation), and, in rare cases, death. While often associated with childhood illness, adults are not automatically protected. Recent cases highlight the ongoing risk.

How can I be sure I’m protected from measles?

The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) recommends that adults born after 1957 have at least one dose of the measles, mumps, and rubella (MMR) vaccine. However, some adults may need additional protection:

• If you were vaccinated between 1963 and 1967, you may have received an inactivated (killed) measles vaccine, which was less effective. If you're unsure whether you had the inactivated vaccine or the live one, the CDC recommends getting at least one dose of the live MMR vaccine.

• Healthcare workers and international travelers should have two documented doses for optimal protection.

If you’re unsure whether you need a booster, talk to your primary care physician. A simple blood test can check for antibodies to confirm immunity. This is particularly useful for adults uncertain about their vaccination history or exposure. Discuss with your healthcare provider whether this test is suitable for you.

What symptoms should I watch for?

In adults, measles symptoms typically appear seven to 14 days after exposure and may include:

• High fever

• Cough

• Runny nose

• Red, watery eyes (conjunctivitis)

• Koplik's spots: Tiny white spots inside the mouth

• Rash: Red spots that start at the hairline and spread downward

Early detection is crucial. If you experience these symptoms, especially after potential exposure, seek medical attention promptly. While measles symptoms are similar in children, they may face additional risks such as ear infections and diarrhea. Vaccination remains the most effective preventive measure for both adults and children.

Who is at risk?

Adults at higher risk for measles include:

• Unvaccinated individuals who never received the MMR vaccine.

• Adults vaccinated between 1963 and 1967 who may have received the less effective inactivated vaccine.

• International travelers who visit areas with ongoing measles transmission.

• Healthcare professionals who are frequently exposed to infected patients.

• Individuals with compromised immune systems, such as those undergoing chemotherapy.

Take action

With cases across the U.S. already exceeding the total for 2024, it’s imperative to consider the following next steps:

• Review your vaccination records to ensure you're up to date with the MMR vaccine.

• Consult your healthcare provider about the need for a booster or a blood test to confirm immunity.

• Stay informed by monitoring local health advisories for updates on measles cases.

By proactively addressing measles prevention, we can safeguard our health and that of our community.